NAHOP Outcomes for the period April 1^st, 2000 to September 30^th, 2005.

Student Work Placements

Between April 2000 and September 2005, 168 student work placements were funded by NAHOP. We enabled 56 graduate students and 112 undergraduates to work on 16 community-based field projects in Newfoundland and Labrador. The jobs included 74 summer field positions and 94 term time lab positions.

Student field placements were particularly important for 6 medium-scale community projects: Baccalieu Trail, Bird Cove, Burnside, Fleur-de-Lys, and Placentia, for whom our commitment made access to, and appropriate use of, complimentary funding possible.

Fellowships

NAHOP awarded NAHOP awarded 9 full MA fellowships, 4 top-up fellowships and 2 Ph.D fellowships. Four MA theses have been accepted, while the others are currently in progress.

Post-Doctorates

In 2002, Dr. Lisa Hodgetts conducted a study of faunal collections from the Colony of Avalon site at Ferryland to research the diet of early English colonial settlers from circa 1621 to 1696. Through her zoo-archaeological analysis Dr. Hodgetts determined that both wild and domestic species played an important role in subsistence throughout the study period. This project included creation of a permanent faunal reference collection, which will be of long term benefit to archaeology in the province. Dr Hodgetts is publishing the results of her study in Avalon Chronicles.

In 2003-2004, Dr. John Erwin undertook a second NAHOP post-doctoral study to research Paleoeskimo soapstone vessels from archaeological sites throughout Newfoundland and Labrador. The study was completed in 2004 and will be the basis of an analytic article.

Internships

Eight recent graduates benefited from NAHOP internships to gain useful professional experience. These include:

• 2 museum internships to research and design exhibits for community museums in Port aux Basques, Bird Cove and Cupids
• a curatorial internship to document "500 Years of Ceramics in Newfoundland"
• an internship as video director, with NAHOP dissemination projects
• an internship in conservation, at the MUN Archaeology Unit Conservation Lab
• an internship in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with the Placentia project
• an internship in classification and cataloguing with the Petit Nord survey project
• an internship in Information Technology applied to archaeology, with NAHOP

Archaeological Assessments

Initial survey of the Hoffnungsthal Moravian site near Makkovik, Labrador (September, 2000) to facilitate timely graduate student research in 2001.

Assessment surveys and exploratory digs were also undertaken in Renews (2001 to 2003), Fermeuse (2002 and 2005), and Conche-Croque-Grandois (2004).

Dissemination Projects

Videos

Outport Archaeology (2000) — NAHOP's first video is a candid look at four Newfoundland communities and their involvement in archaeology. Winner of the Canadian Archaeological Association Public Communications Award 2000.

Working in Archaeology (2000) — Our second video documented a workshop held on Memorial's campus with archaeology professionals, community heritage leaders, government officials and Memorial students. This one-day workshop took on the realities of fund raising and student employment in a rough and tumble discussion. (See Workshops, below.)

Bound for Avalon (2002) — A 19 minute video on the historic archaeology of 17th-century Newfoundland, highlighting research at Trinity Bay, Cupids, Ferryland, Fermeuse, Renews and Placentia.

Archaeology and Traditional Knowledge in Labrador (2003) — Our forth video presents archaeological work in Labrador and highlights the involvement of Native peoples with archaeologists from Memorial University and the Smithsonian Institution of Washington, DC. This video was supported by the governments of Newfoundland and Labrador, and Canada, as well as the Southeast Aurora Development Corporation and the Smithsonian Institution. Winner of the Canadian Archaeological Association Public Communications Award 2003.

NAHOP videos were researched and directed for NAHOP by Rhonda Buckley and produced by Memorial University's Division of Education and Learning Technologies. To order a video or a DVD collection of all the videos see our Resources Page.

Workshops

NAHOP co-sponsored 4 workshops with the French Shores Working Group at Baie Verte (2000), Placentia (2001), St. Anthony (2003) and Baie Verte (2004). These meetings laid lay the groundwork for cooperative research on the historical archaeology of the French presence in Newfoundland and directly resulted in archaeological research at Placentia and Conche-Croque-Grandois.

In 2001, NAHOP sponsored Working in Archaeology — a one-day workshop for community groups, regulatory and funding agencies and Memorial students. The purpose of the workshop was to address funding and employment issues on community-sponsored archaeological projects.

NAHOP held a workshop in December 2002 for faculty and staff in the Memorial Archaeology Unit, independent archaeologists working with communities, and regulators from the Culture and Heritage Division to discuss community-based archaeology.

As NAHOP drew to a close in 2004, we sponsored a one-day workshop in St John's that brought community heritage group leaders together to discuss new directions for community-sponsored archaeological projects. Discussions arising from this meeting led to the formation of an archaeological interest group within the Museums Association of Newfoundland and Labrador (MANL).

Research Aids

• Two Artifact Studies on Identifying Glass Bottles and A Guide to Beothuk Iron.
• Research, design and publication (with Heritage Outreach Project) of Organizing Community Archaeology Projects, a manual on developing archaeological sites in the province.
• Studies in Newfoundland Archaeology, thematic collections of Memorial University MA thesis on the archaeology of Newfoundland and Labrador, with selected articles and undergraduate Honours dissertations. Thirty-five theses and 3 articles are reproduced on 8 CDs.
• French Cod Fishery in Newfoundland An Annotated Bibliography identifies documents and publications relating to the history of the French Fishery in Newfoundland.
• Transcription of 17th-century fisheries censuses in cooperation with History of Marine Animal Populations and the French Shores Working Group. See Peter Pope and Jeannie Howse, eds., "Replies to Inquiries, Newfoundland, 1675-1698" in N. Ashcroft and M.G. Barnard, compilers, HMAP [History of Marine Animal Populations] Database. file 223812-225488
• NAHOP supported the publication of Avalon Chronicles, vol. 6 (2001), the journal of record for historical archaeology in Newfoundland.
• Publication of 3 Heritage Resource Inventory poster maps of the great Northern Peninsula.
• Eleven conference presentations on the Outreach Program at meetings in Ottawa and Niagra Falls, Ontario; Halifax, Nova Scotia; Université Laval, Quebec City; Providence, Rhode Island; Lowell, Massachusetts; Derry, Northern Ireland; University College Dublin, Ireland; and University of Bristol, UK.
• NAHOP also sponsored 10 student papers on research with community-sponsored projects at archaeology conferences in Halifax, Niagara Falls, Ottawa and Providence, Rhode Island.

To order copies of NAHOP Research Aids, see our Resources Page.

Other Results

One of our key research objectives was to understand the place of archaeology within the past that communities construct for themselves. Our video, Outport Archaeology was, in part, a response to this question. In order to address this directly, co-researcher Dr. Gerald Pocius supervised a MA student in folklore. Patrick Carroll, a former Parks Canada archaeologist, researched the various ways people in the community of Placentia access the past. The timing was opportune, as archaeological research began again in Placentia, with the help of NAHOP.

Memorial University sociologist James Overton has made a study of the social and economic implications of archaeological research. NAHOP employed Susan Williams, an experienced social policy researcher, on a short term research contract to assist this research. We used this sociological research as the basis of public policy Findings on community archaeology. To download a copy of these findings see our Reports and Findings Page.

One of our great successes in outreach was the formation of the French Shores Working Group, which grew out of a workshop organized by the Bay Verte Tourism Development Association in 2000. NAHOP ensured that representatives from other heritage groups from around the province could attend the workshop. Groups from Placentia, Conche, Croque, Port au Port, Bay of Islands and L'Anse aux Meadows-Griquet (now Petit Nord Heritage) met, many for the first time. They soon recognized common aims and common research needs. A follow-up workshop at Placentia in 2001 brought them together again, with more researchers, and helped focus attention on gaps in the basic documentary research. The Petit Nord Heritage group hosted the third French Shores Workshop in St. Anthony in the spring 2003 and the Baie Verte group organized another in 2004. Meanwhile, Dr. Peter Pope and Dr. James Hiller have been working on 17th-, 18th- and 19th-century records with a view to identifying documentation of French fishing stations in the province.

Papers from the NAHOP workshop held in December 2002 to discuss results and issues in community-based archaeology, were presented in a special session on Community-based Archaeology in Newfoundland, at the Society for Historical Archaeology conference in Providence, Rhode Island, in January 2003, and again to the Atlantic Canada Studies Workshop, in May 2003.

Completion Phase

In our completion phase between 2003 and 2005, NAHOP worked on legacy issues in community-based archaeology in Newfoundland and Labrador. Our aim was to address three major issues: strengthening university-community cooperation; developing regional expertise; and encouraging governments to address the problems of labour market development in the heritage sector.

Community-University Cooperation.

University outreach continued to be a natural aspect of Memorial archaeologists' research in the province. Community heritage projects with a regional research perspective became the focus of NAHOP's support. Such projects are advantageous from the point of view of both research and interpretation — and they promote regional archaeological expertise, as well. NAHOP actively supported the development of GIS maps used in recording heritage resources in six harbours on the South Avalon, and several target areas on the Great Northern Peninsula. Dr. Priscilla Renouf (MUN Archaeology Unit) and Dr. Trevor Bell (MUN Geography) have already produced such maps and put them to good use in public education in the region.

Regarding labour market development, NAHOP continued to work with its provincial government partners to facilitate funding for community archaeological projects that encouraged the employment of students, thereby promoting labour market development.

Performance Indicators

From the research point of view, we see our most effective performance indicators in the quality of reports and theses stemming from our sponsored projects. Community projects are asked to provide us with copies of field reports filed by principal investigators with the Provincial Archaeology Office. These give us a very direct way of assessing the success of projects from the research perspective. We have very interesting research results from the Baccalieu Trail, Fermeuse, Conche-Croque-Grandois, Fleur de Lys, Makkovik, Placentia, Port au Choix/ Great Northern Peninsula, Renews, and St John's projects.

The operation of our CURA involved continual communication between NAHOP's coordinator, Steve Mills, and the community projects. This provided immediate informal feedback, which we supplemented with a more formal survey questionnaire, inviting community groups to express their views on the usefulness of the program, problems, and future directions. Steve Mills also sat on the council of the association of Heritage Industries, a pan-provincial heritage organization.

For the student perspective, we asked all participants in field, lab and internships to provide us with a brief report on their experience. Some of these have proved important in identifying both opportunities and challenges.

The ongoing demand for our research aids, particularly our videos and our theses on CDs, is a positive indicator of our success in some communications strategy. The video Outport Archaeology was recognized by the Canadian Archaeological Association with their Communications Award for 2000 and Archaeology and Traditional Knowledge in Labrador won the same CAA award for 2003.

Participation: Research Funding

SSHRC provided the majority of our research funding. The major co-sponsors of NAHOP, with SSHRC were Memorial University of Newfoundland and the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Governance

NAHOP was governed by a formal Consultative Board, with balanced regional and sector representation. During our completion phase, this board was made up of:

• Dr Priscilla Renouf — MUN Archaeology Professor and Board Chair
• Dr Peter Pope — MUN Archaeology Professor and NAHOP Director
• Mr. Mike Clair — Culture and Heritage Division
• Mr. Tim Borlase — Labrador Institute
• Mr. Eric Jarrett — Baccalieu Trail Heritage Corporation
• Mr. Steve Knudsen — Petit Nord Heritage and Nature Society
• Mr. Neil Lewis — Dorset Eskimo Quarry Committee Incorporated
• Mrs. Lil Hawkins — Colony of Avalon Foundation
• Mrs. Charmaine Flynn — Placentia Area Historical Society